J.EXPERIMENTAL  &  CLINICAL  MEDICINE

 

2018, ¹ 4

 

 

  

 

  

1. 1E.ELASHVILI, 1G.MIKADZE, 2N.VEPKHVADZE, 2B.ZURASHVILI,

 2M.GIORGOBIANI, 3M.LASHKARASHVILI

FOOD RELATED SALMONELLOSIS POISONING CASES  IN GEORGIA AND MODERN PREVENTIVE METHODS

1LEPL - National Food Agency; 2TSMU, Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health; 3National center for Disease Control and Public Health; Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-13-16

 

The work discusses the incidence of salmonellosis and group cases of consumption of salmonellosis-infected food during last few years in Georgia. Also is shown the role that food increasingly played in spread of Salmonellosis as well as the need to strengthen veterinary and sanitary-hygienic measures during food production, processing and sale.

 

2. I.MCHEDLISHVILI, R.CHOCHISHVILI, D.GELOVANI

CURRENT ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF VIRAL HEPATITIS IN GEORGIA

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, TSMU, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-16-18

 

Current morbidity dynamics and etiological structure of viral hepatitis was studied in Georgia. In 2015-2016 in Georgia there was seen a sharp increase of frequency of viral hepatitis. In 2016 the incidence reached 216.4 per 100,000. First of all this process has been caused by the increase of frequency of chronic Hepatitis C. Currently its proportion in total frequency of viral hepatitis is 67.1%. According to us this is due to the significant improvement of diagnostics following the implementation of Hepatitis C State Elimination Program. 

 

3. S.CHINCHARADZE, Z.VADACHKORIA, I.MCHEDLISHVILI

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN WESTERN GEORGIA

Department of Child and Adult Maxillofacial Surgery and Surgical Stomatology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-18-21

 

Epidemiological peculiarities of cleft lip and palate have been studied in Western Georgia in 2006-2015. In this region this congenital malformation is characterized by some peculiarities. First of all currently its frequency is the lowest in the Western part of the country and its mean frequency in the studied period was 0.65±0.05/1000. The country prevalence in the given period was 0.95±0.04/1000 (p<0.05). In all parts of Western Georgia the prevalence is low.

In Georgia and especially in Western Georgia there has been seen an increase of proportion of cleft palate. In 1981-1990 in Western Georgia the proportion was only 12.0%, now it is 30.19%.

 

4. 1N.D.KOBESHAVIDZE., 2D.P.CHIKVILADZE., 2 KH.E.GACHECHILADZE., 2M.L.MIKELADZE

RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITAL PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY INFECTIONS IN NEWBORNS

1LTD “Imedis Klinika”; 2Tbilisi State Medical University. Microbiology  Department, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-21-25

 

The article presents data of a retrospective analysis of 3366 in LTD “Imedis Clinika” birth histories in the year 2017 and through March 2018, of which 278 were history of premature delivery of premature newborns with a gestational age of 24 to 36 weeks, whose weight at birth ranged from 580 grams to 2,700.

In 231 birth histories of childbirth (83,1%) was information on the somatic analysis of mothers (chronic bronchitis, chronic sinusitis, chronic tonsillitis, chronic cystitis, chronic pyelonephritis).  Obstetrical and gynecological history was revealed in 215 (77.4%) birth histories, most often there was: ovarian dysfunction, chronic adnexitis, multiple abortions.  Most preterm infants in the first hours of life were diagnosed with pathological syndromes: the syndrome of respiratory disorders (93.9%), cerebral hypoxia (100%), edematous syndrome of II degree (41.4%), dermal hemorrhagic syndrome (39.2%), circulatory failure (21.2%), intrauterine growth retardation (12.2%).  In 219 birth histories congenital pneumonia was detected (78.8%). From the analyzed histories also it is visible, that all premature babies from the first day of life received antibacterial therapy.

 

5.1D.D.KOBESHAVIDZE, 2D.P.CHIKVILADZE, 2SH.G.KHETSURIANI, 2KH.E.GACHECHILADZE,  2M.L.MIKELADZE,  2D.A.METREVELI

THE IMPORTANCE OF DIAGNOSING PRENOSOLOGICAL FORMS OF PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY INFECTIONS IN MATERNITY HOSPITALS

1LTD “Imedis Klinika”; 2Tbilisi State Medical University, Microbiology Department,

Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-25-29

 

In the article are observed data of studies on the importance of erythema as a prenosological form of intrahospital purulent inflammatory infections. The study was conducted in 41 newborns with signs of erythema and in 35 newborns without symptoms. In both groups of newborns, different types of microorganisms were isolated, both mono and in the form of microbial associations. (eg., S. cohnii, S. warnerii, S. epidermidis, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens). Of 41 newborns with signs of erythema, only one child has a blister with a purulent content, from which was isolated Staphylococcus aureus, i.e. developed a typical purulent-inflammatory infection. This indicates that apparently erythema should be considered as a risk factor of purulent-inflammatory infection and not as a prenosological form.

 

6. B.KURASHVILI, TS.SIPRASHVILI, T.DARSANIA, L.BAKRADZE, E.BOBOKHIDZE

EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN FOOD IN GEORGIA (2013-2017 YEARS REPORTS)

TSMU, The Department of Nutrition and Age Medicine, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-29-32

 

Listeriosis is the third most widely spread food poisoning disease in the world after campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. It is an infectious disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes and is primarily transmitted via the oral route after ingestion of contaminated food products. Listeriosis can cause a serious damage to populations’ health, provoking complications like meningitis, sepsis, encephalitis, in pregnant women it may cause stillbirth or spontaneous abortion.

Epidemiology of listeriosis is not examined in Georgia. The National Centre For Disease Control and Public Health has not recorded a single case of the disease. Bacteriological examination of Listeria monocytogenes in food in Georgia has only be launched since 2013 according to the demands of Euro Commission.

Due to the importance of the issue, we decided to examine and evaluate the results of microbiological research held on listeria monocytogenes in Georgia between 2013-2017 years.

According to the report, in 2013 there has not been any case of L. monocytogenes in food samples. However, incidence has increased in 2014 (3 cases) and 2015 (34 cases). In 2016 there has been only one deviation and not even single in 2017.

Despite the fact that cases of finding L. monocytogenes in food has been decreasing for past two years, we would kindly recommend to intensify sanitation measures in food industry, to increase control in factories were dairy, meat and fish products are produced. It is also highly recommended to permanently monitor the industry of semi-processed goods and food manufacturers.

 

7. N.VEPKHVADZE,  M.KHORBALADZE,  N.KILADZE, I.KUGOTI, T.KOCHORADZE

PREVENTION OF FOODBORNE INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF UNIDENTIFIED ETIOLOGY IN GEORGIA

TSMU, Departments of Hygiene and Medical Ecology and Health promotion, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-32-35

 

The structure of morbidity by foodborne poisonings of unknown etiology in Georgia has been studied. Preventive measures are designed to avoid them. 

A statistical review of foodborne illnesses of unknown etiology shows increased amount of individual and group poisonings in the whole population as well as increased incidence among children.

To improve diagnosis of these diseases and strict control during food processing, transportation and storage are necessary.

 

8. 1N.VASHAKIDZE, 1,2N.MEBONIA, 1R.GVAMICHAVA, 2M.KERESELIDZE

AGE AT DIAGNOSIS IN RELATION TO SURVIVAL OF BREAST CANCER IN GEORGIA

1Tbilisi State Medical University; 2National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia (NCDC), Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-35-38

 

The aim of the statistical analysis was to estimate relationship between age of diagnosis and breast cancer survival. Methods. Cancer survival analysis was conducted. All breast cancer cases who were diagnosed and histologically confirmed during the period of 2006-2015 and are recorded in the cancer registry system, were included in statistical analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression model was constructed to calculate the hazard (death) ratio. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results. Hazard of early mortality was lower among women with breast cancer diagnosed before åðó age 41. The hazard ratio was 1.45 (p=0.04) for patients, diagnosed between the age 41-59 yy and 2.40 (p<0.01), for others, diagnosed over 60 years. The proportion of breast cancer cases detected at early (first and second) stages among patients, diagnosed before the age 41 in comparison with those, diagnosed over 41 years of age is higher for a 7-8%. Proportion of breast cancer patients, who receive surgical treatment is high and approximately the same despite of age at diagnosis. But utilization of chemotherapy and especially radiation therapy decreases with increasing age of diagnosis. 

Conclusions. Young age at diagnoses of breast cancer patients is correlated with better survival in Georgia, this may be due the fact that, young patients in comparison to others are more motivated to receive complex and complete treatment (surgery, including chemo and radiotherapy) against cancer.

 

9. K.MURJIKNELI, T.DARSANIA, N.GARUCHAVA, U.ZEDGENIDZE, M.TSIMAKURIDZE

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION LOADS AMONG PATIENTS WITH RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT

TSMU, Environmental Health and Professional Medicine Department, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-38-40

                                              

With increasing complexity and frequency of radiographic research, it makes the greatest contribution to population doses, which is a radiation risk for the population, so today it is relevant to study the data on the radiation doses of patients with X-ray diagnostic studies.

The aim of our work was to study the definition of radiation loads during X-ray examinations of the GI tract. The present work was carried out in the medical clinic. D.G Tatishvili 2016-2017. We conducted a differentiated study of the radiation loads of patients with the most common types of radiographic examination of the digestive tract. The measurement of doses was carried out by the thermoluminescence method of dosimetry

It was found that the total doses varied in different patients in significant ranges and in some cases exceeded 70R. The study also found that the use of EOA (electron-optical amplifiers) and X-ray films did not significantly reduce the radiation load in patients. In the radiation-hygienic assessment of the results obtained, it should also be taken into account that more than one-third of the patients examined were at reproductive age.

 

10. N.GARUCHAVA, E.BIBILEISHVILI,  T.DARSANIA,  M.KUPARADZE, T.GABRICHIDZE, K.MURJIKNELI

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF A VISCERAL LEYSHMANIOZ 

IN KAKHETI IN 2012-2017

Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-40-42

 

Has been studied epidemiological features of visceral leishmaniasis in Kakheti in 2012-2017.The highest rate is observed in Lagodekhi dsitrict, which should be caused by the abundance of swampy places in this district and occurrence of Phlebotomin. Maximum number of cases is observed in January-April, which is due to the long incubation period of leishmaniosis (up to 1 year), so, winter - spring cases have been infected in previous year.

 

11. I.ZARNADZE, SH.ZARNADZE, L.BARAMIDZE, D.KITOVANI, D.TABIDZE

STRESS EFFECT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF DOCTORS AND NURSES

Department of Public Health, Management, Policy and Economy

Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-42-45

 

Workplace stress affects health care workers at a higher rate than the population in general. According to the BJC HealthCare employee assistance program website, 31 percent of all workers report high levels of workplace stress, compared to 45 percent of health care professionals and 67 percent of all nurse managers. Health care professionals have higher stress rates because they do physically and emotionally demanding work and are also exposed to a number of workplace dangers most workers never have to deal with. According to the definition of European Agency for safety and Health at Work “work-related stress is experienced when the demands of the work environment exceed the workers’ ability to cope with (or control) them”. The same occupational stressor may be harmful or motivational for different people, depending on how employee manages the pressure caused by the occupation. In some cases stress may be the trigger for increased creativity and productivity [3], but in most cases stress effects are very harmful to workers’ health.

Work-related stress is a one of the biggest challenges for the modern world [1]. Around 22 percent of European workers have experienced stress in 2005. Besides, it is the second most frequent hazard at work after musculoskeletal disorders [1]. Occupational stress is harmful not only for individuals, but also for the organizations or companies:

European Union reports that up to ˆ20 billion are lost because of work-related stress every year across the EU [2]. The reason for it is that, stress at work has a big impact on health and the productivity of personnel, which leads to low performance at work and in high rate of working days loss [1,3,4].

In the following paper there will be discussed what causes occupational stress at a work place, what are the consequences and how big impact it may have on the productivity. All these aspects of work-related stress will be considered through the profession of doctors and nurses. The reason of this is the fact that doctors and nursing staff is one of the most manifested population to high prevalence of tension and becoming ill [5,6].

Aim of Research:  Overview and analyses of   stress effect and productivity of doctors and nurses. 

 

12. G.GULIASHVILI, I.ZARNADZE, L.LOMTADZE, SH.ZARNADZE

POLICY OF SPECIAL  DRUGS NEEDS  OF  POPULATION AND NEW TENDENCY

IN GEORGIA AND  EUROPE

I.Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-45-47

 

By most standards, the health systems of Europe are among history’s most successful. Health systems are deeply and intricately rooted in the different member states’ legal, political, and social systems, and member states have historically been reticent about introducing the EU into something so intimate and political. Naturally, a detailed look at the performance of different European health systems identifies a more nuanced picture, with lots of room for improvement, but the problems Europeans have not solved are frequently problems that almost nobody has solved, such as inter- and intra-state health inequalities. European social model has motivated much academic and popular writing, seeking to incorporate health into a shared set of policies and aspirations that unites EU member states and can guide EU policy.  New policy in Georgia about distribution special drugs and funding the programs is the social orientation but needs of population very high every ear.      

 

13. D.TABIDZE, L.BARAMIDZE, Z.SIKHARULIDZE, D.KITOVANI, M.KHAKRISHVILI

MODERN ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL SERVICES

IN THE HOSPITAL SECTOR

Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-47-49

 

For conclusion it is possible to note that, our slogan “Work together on improvement of quality of medical services” is based on joint efforts of governmental and non-governmental organizations, professional associations, medical personal, patients and community to identify problems in the hospital sector, disadvantages and to find ways for solution of revealed negative problems. All of the above speaks that medical quality in the hospital sector should be matched on European standards, must meet compliance with the patient’s requirements. Specifically, the correlation between medical science and modern technologies between expenses and attached services.

 

14. R.JAVAKHADZE, N.KHATIASHVILI, M.ARABIDZE, KH.CHIGOGIDZE, N.RUKHADZE, O.GHVABERIDZE.

HEALTHY DRIVER VS ROAD SAFETY

N. Makhviladze Scientific Research Institute of Labor Medicine and Ecology,

Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-49-52

 

The working conditions of drivers of modern transport are still far from ideal and can cause the development of occupational and occupationally caused chronic pathology of different systems and organs. Traffic safety depends on the state of driver’s health and their functional capabilities. 

The aim of the work is to monitor the health state and working conditions of the drivers of Tbilisi Transport Company on the basis of hygienic and clinical studies. It was established that professional drivers are constantly and intensely affected by complex harmful factors and, as a result of it, the development of various chronic pathologies. The analysis of the obtained data confirms need of improvement of working conditions and development of improving recommendations

 

15. 1D.TOPHURIA, 2M.MATOSHVILI, 3N.KVIZHINADZE

HEPATIC TOXIC INJURY AND ROLE OF IT,S OWN  CELLS

IN HEALING OF THE ORGAN

Tbilisi State Medical University Departments: 1Human Normal Anatomy, 2Dermatology and Venereology, 3Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-52-54

 

The liver performs a central role in clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from various agents. Certain medicinal agents, when taken in overdoses and sometimes even when introduced within therapeutic ranges, may injure the organ. In most cases, due of liver’s unique ability to regenarate, it’s function will return in stabilize form  if the offending chemical is stopped early. Hepatic stem/progenitor cells also known as “oval cells” in rodents have been implicated in liver tissue repair.

 

16. N.KHUNASHVILI, MAIA TSIMAKURIDZE, N.KHACHAPURIDZE, M.TSIMAKURIDZE, L.BAKRADZE, G.KVERENCHKHILAZDE, D.ZURASHVILI, M.MATESHVILI

HYGIENIC-ERGONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF WORK PROCESS OF TBILISI METROPOLITAN WORKERS

Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Environmental Health and

Occupational Medicine. Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-54-56

 

For the hygienic-ergonomic characterization and evaluation of the labor process of Tbilisi Metropolitan Workers, study of labor and relaxation of workers of major professions was conducted through pho-timing method, together with the evaluation of some professional and ergonomic indicators. Also, take into account the results of studying their production environmental factors and health conditions. The major professional groups of the Metropolitan are: machine driver, railway track repairer, locksmith, welder and tunnel workers. Studies workers of all major professions spend different duration of time in the production premises and accordingly, with different intensity suffer from operations of the industrial and professional factors. In addition, individual factors of the work process are characterized by unsatisfactory conditions, which certainly affects the workforce and the formation of peculiarities of their health condition.

 

17. R.KVERENCHKHILADZE, R.JAVAKHADZE, M.ARABIDZE, M.KVATADZE, A.CHIKOVANI,

K.KHVADAGIANI, M.RIZHINASHVILI

RESULTS OF NOISE HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT IN INDUSTRIAL UNITS OF “TBILISRESI”

Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine of Tbilisi State Medical University;

N.Makhviladze S/R Institute of Labour Medicine and Ecology, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-56-58

 

Measurement of noise parameters and hygienic assessment of the Tbilsresi industrial units of  “Georgian International Energy Corporation Ltd” was studied. Conditions of the noise parameters have been found to be unfavourable. According to the noise rate, harmful (3 classes) conditions of labour with varying degrees of harmfulness, was revealed in 59, 0% of the measurement cases. The unfavourable conditions were particularly noticeable in the boiler-turbine workshop (3.1-3.3 of harmfulness). Generating of increased noise parameters are mainly due to the technical conditions of the production equipment. On the basis of the research, the complex of measures to reduce the noise generation in industrial units was developed.

 

18. N.KVIZHINADZE., D.TOPURIA, M.MATOSHVILI, I.KVIZHINADZE

PHARMACY AND HEALTY LIFESTYLE

TSMU, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Human Normal Anatomy, Department of Dermato-Venerology, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-58-61

 

The healthy lifestyle is the active, cultural rule of life, humane and civilized, which is directly related to human health and longevity. The pharmacist has a special place, he is an intermediary patient, medicine and doctor, and is also one of the sources of information about health and medicines for the public. Therefore they need to know and communicate themselves with other health professionals in order to actively participate in the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the population.

 

19. I.GVINERIA, M.TURMANAULI, T.SVANIDZE, M.ZHURULI, T.ONIANI

THE PROBLEM OF REVEALING OF ASBESTOS-RELATED DISEASES IN GEORGIA

N.Makhviladze S/R Institute of Labour Medicine and Ecology, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-61-64

 

The article presents a situational analysis reflecting the volume and type of asbestos-containing products imported into the country, both amphibole and chrysotile. Based on statistical data, the tendency of growth of asbestos-related diseases (ARD) is revealed. To identify ARDs, it is recommended that a questionnaire developed on the basis of the Lombardy Mesothelioma Register (Italy) be inserted in oncology clinics, which specifies the history of the workplace, the professional route and the lifestile.

 

20. D.ZURABASHVILI, G.PARULAVA

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES OF AGGRESSION

IN THE PERIODS OF PREPARATION AND COMPLETION OF THE SPORTS FEDERATION

I.Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University; Georgian State University of

Physical Education and Sports, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-64-67

 

The emergence of complexes of destructive-aggressive reactions within physically disabled fencers, deprived of ability to move, during different periods of competition, in particular before and after matches, is not similar. The difference depends on a solid unity of person’s individual features, that is conditioned by special abilities of an action characterized in sportsman. This provides possibility within high probability to predetermine a level of aggression for a particular period of sport performance. Typical features of fencer’s character – temperament and propensities must be separated as a main signs of character.

It was discovered that a sport work hinders revealing of a so called “non-specific chronic pathology”, which comes out of frames of traditional medicine and becomes one of the main components of rehabilitation work of sport psychology.

 

21.1O.IATSYNA, 2N.DIACHKOVA, 3M.KHARKHOTA, 1F.KOSTEV

ENERGY PROFILE OF THE RAT WITH A SYNDROME OF A HYPERACTIVE BLADDE AT THE PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION BY QUERCETIN

1Odessa National Medical University; 2State Institute «Shalimov’s National Institute of Surgery and Transplantation» to National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine; 3D.K.Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of NAS of Ukraine

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-67-73

 

It was studied the effect of quercetin on the energy profile erythrocytes of rats with the syndrome of a hyperactive bladder. It is shown that in animals with the investigated pathology the quantitative composition of the system of adenyl nucleotides in blood erythrocytes is changing. There was a decrease of the total concentration of adenyl nucleotides and, in particular, ATP in comparison with the intact group.

The administration of quercetin significantly improved the energy profile of the red blood cells of rats with the syndrome of the hyperactive bladder. The obtained data broadens knowledge of the pathogenesis and possibilities of correction of the examined pathology.

 

22. M.DAVITASHVILI, N.NATSVLISHVILI, L.ZUROSHVILI, G.AZIKURI

MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH DURING THE UNIMAG TREATMENT OF PERIODONTIUM DISEASES

I.Gogebashvili Telavi State University, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-73-77

 

Results of microbiological research of ulcerous on the background of treatment with Unimag are presented in the work. Studies has revealed that treatment with Unimag of the patients with ulcerous gingivitis, rapidly normalizes quantity of microbes in the oral cavity, substituting the gram-negative pathogenic flora for the gram-positive microorganisms in the oral cavity. Unimag increases sensitivity of pathogenic flora towards the anti-bacterial preparations. All the above mentioned is significant for efficient impact on damaging factors during periodontium inflammation and to improve the effectiveness of the therapeutic effect.

 

M

23. M.GIORGOBIANI, Z.CHEKURASHVILI, N.CHKHAIDZE, B.ZURASHVILI, O.MAMATSASHVILI

ECOTOXICULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE  INSECTICIDES USED AGAINST THE BROWN MARMORATED STINK BUG  (HALYOMORPHA  HALYS) AND THE STATE OF HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES  IN CONTACT WITH THEM

Department of Hygiene and Medical Ecology of Tbilisi State Medical University, National Food Agency of Georgia, N.Makhviladze Scientific Research Institute of Labor Medicine and Ecology, A.Aladashvili Clinic LLCT, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-77-80

 

A study was conducted to determine possible harmful effects of the insecticides used in the Western Georgia (bifentrin group preparations) on the employees in contact with them. The descriptive epidemiological survey was carried out with a “face-to-face” interview method. The study found that harmful effects of the insecticides used   against the brown  marmorated stink bug (halyomorpha halys) was not found on the body of the pesticide workers; During this period no pesticide poisoning was recorded.

 

24. 1,2E.KAKABADZE, 2N.GRDZELISHVILI, 1,2N.BAKURADZE, 1,2K.MAKALATIA, 2G.NATROSHVILI, 2S.RIGVAVA, 2N.CHANISHVILI

DE NOVO ISOLATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES SPECIFIC TO ENTEROCOCCUS SPP. ISOLATED FROM DAIRY AND CLINICAL SAMPLES

1Tbilisi State University, Faculty of Exact and Natural Science;

2Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-80-83

 

Enterococcus species are abundant in environment, they can be found in artisanal food products as a part of starter cultures, as inhabitants of normal gut, oral and genital tract microbiota of humans and animals, etc. However, certain species are associated with human infections e.g. vancomycin-resistant E. faecium is a serious threat to public health. Enterococcus spp. can spread through the food chain, contaminated animals and foods, (especially cheeses and fermented sausages), which increases the threat of human infection. Therefore, elimination and biocontrol of multi-drug resistant Enterococcus spp. by means of bacteriophages in the food production (as disinfectant) and in the hospital environment as well as for therapy and prophylaxis can be a reasonable approach in global fight against spread of antibiotic resistance.

In this study we have isolated five bacteriophages specific to Enterocoocus spp,. The newly obtained phages were isolated from the water samples and human faeces. The phages were characterized according to their morphology and host ranges. Three out of 5 phages were related to the morphology group Siphoviridae, while two phage were attributed to group Myoviridae. The phages were tested against 144 cultures of Enterococcus spp. 98 out which were isolated from dairy samples, while 46 were obtained from clinical sources. Interestingly the phages demonstrated relatively high potential to lyse human isolates (34.8%) rather than dairy ones (14.3%).

This results indicate that the obtained bacteriophages may be used for further research aiming assessment of their bio-controlling (disinfecting), therapeutic and prophylactic potential.

Genus Enterococcus represents Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic, coccoid lactic acid bacteria, belonging to the order Lactobacillales, phylum Firmicutes. Enterococcus spp. are abundant in environment, they can be found in artisanal food products as a part of starter cultures, as inhabitants of normal gut, oral and genital tract microbiota of humans and animals, etc. [6]. Nonetheless, they are also known as important pathogens causing critical nosocomial and community acquired infections. Enterococcus spp. can spread through the food chain, contaminated animals and foods, (especially cheeses and fermented sausages), which increases the threat of human infection [2]. According to recent NCBI taxonomy database entries, more than 60 species of Enterococcus were described, among them E. faecium and E. faecalis are most commonly associated with human infections. With the increase of antibiotic resistance (AM) and virulence level among pathogens, as well as intensive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics facilitating horizontal transfer of AM and virulence factors among bacterial species, previously commensal bacteria become concern for public health. For example, vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VRE) was assigned by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to the list of highly prioritized pathogens for which  search and development of new antibiotics is crucial [8]. Bacteriophages (phages) are widely recognized as alternative therapeutic agents against multi drug resistant infections including Enterococcus spp. In this study the phages active against E. faecium, E. faecalis and E. durans of dairy and clinical origin were isolated and characterised with the purpose of initial selection of the phages potentially applicable for bio-controlling, therapeutic and/or prophylactic  purposes.

 

25. N.VEPKHVADZE, N.TSKHOVREBADZE, I.TSKHOVREBADZE, T.KOCHORADZE, I.KUGOTI

ASSESSING THE SPREAD OF NON COMMUUNICABLE CHRONIC DISEASES AND THEIR RISK FACTORS IN GEORGIA

TSMU, Department of Hygiene and Medical Ecology

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-83-87

 

Information about the spread of non communicable chronic diseases and basic risk factors in 2012-2016 years in Georgia was assessed.

 

In 2012-2016 in Georgia the rate of cardiovascular and oncological diseases, iodine deficiency and chronic pulmonary disorders and diabetes was increased.

In spite of the fact, that the studied data does not allow direct correlation between existing risk factors and diseases rate, it’s obvious that unhealthy lifestile (tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy food and lack of physical activity) is the most important  reason of  existing morbidity.

It’s required to take an important action to reduce and avoid this disorders. The most important are health promotion measures - to establish healthy lifestyle and create advantageous environment.

 

26. E.MURVANIDZE

EFFECT OF EARLY PHYSICAL THERAPY CP CHILDREN’S GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION

Georgian State University of physical education and sport, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-87-89

 

The purpose of our research was to determine the effectiveness of treatment using physical therapy in cerebral palsy, determining the effectiveness of functional independence in the sense and purposeful physical therapy. Determining of early physical therapy influence on CP children’s gross motor function (GMFM)

 

27. L.SAGINASHVILI, T.MAMATSASHVILI, L.AKHMETELI, D.MAGALASHVILI, B.IREMASHVILI                            

PSYCHOSOCIAL INFLUENCE OF COLOSTOMY                                                                                         Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Surgery N1, Tbilisi, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-89-91

 

The purpose of our research was identification psychological changes for stoma patients. 58 patients were interviewed which were admitted to The first university clinic of Tbilisi State Medical University and operated on by using colostomy formation. In order to achieve the aims and objectives of the research, the following questions were addressed: 1) What are the factors that cause negative feeling for stoma patients in post-operative stage? 2) What kind of information does post-operative patients expect from medical workers? 3) How do stoma patients get psychological support?                                                                       

We identiûed three major themes that may increase patient psychological burden after discharge. These themes are adapting to body changes, altered sexuality, and impact on social life and activities. Patients, psychological pressure is also caused by lack of knowledge concerning stoma care. As the result, patients may lose confidence to go back to normal life and the quality of life will be decreased.

 

28. N.MGALOBLISHVILI, M.GOTUA

CORRELATION OF FENO WITH CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPE 2 INFLAMMATION AND LUNG FUNCTION IN GEORGIAN POPULATION

Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2018, 4, pp-91-97

 

Background: Asthma biomarker, which linked to type 2 immune response–driven inflammation, Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) is of particular interest because of their noninvasive character. The aim of our study was to find correlations and associations between FENO levels and other characteristics of asthma in Georgian population according to different age groups. Material and Methods: 262 nonsmokers, steroid-naive patients (163 children and 99 adults) with asthma like symptoms were investigated. FENO, spirometry, blood eosinophils, skin prick tests, total and spec. IgE, asthma control test/children asthma control test (ACT/c-ACT) were performed. FENO concentration was determined by using a portable device (NIOX VERO; Aerocrine AB; Stockholm, Sweden). Results: FENO was positively correlated in both age-groups with peripheral blood eosinophils (p-0.007 (children); p-0.000 (adults)) and negatively correlated with ACT/c-ACT (p-0.000 (children); p-0.003(adults). In children group FENO was positively correlated with height (p-0.000) and bronchodilator reversibility test results (p-0.000), and negatively correlated with FEV1(p<0.016). FENO was strongly associated with atopy (OR-5.35; 95%CI-2.20-13.02) and sensitization to dust mites (OR-5.88; 95%CI-2.23-15.47).  Conclusions: These findings suggest FENO may be useful as an adjunctive noninvasive biomarker to evaluate and manage Type 2 Asthma.