SHARASHENIDZE N., TUSHISHVILI M., SCHACHT J., KHECHINASHVILI S., KEVANISHVILI Z.

AGE-RELATED HEARING LOSS: DYNAMICS, GENDER DEPENDENCE

Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.9-15.

 

Chair of Otorhinolaryngology, State Medical Academy, Tbilisi;

Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor;

Centre of Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Tbilisi 

 

The hearing thresholds have been measured at the frequency range of 0.125-16 kHz in 95 Tbilisi residents, 52 females and 43 males. The tested subjects were distributed in parallel subgroups of 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years of age. The initial signs of presbyacusis concerned high frequencies and manifested in males and females of 40-49 and 50-59 years of age, respectively. At 60-69 and 70-79 years of age the hearing loss was significantly accentuated and covered high and middle frequency ranges while extended to low frequencies as well. At 40-49 and, especially, 50-59 years of age the hearing-loss indices were less in females than in males. At 60-69 and 70-79 years of age the thresholds in females and males possessed approximately the same magnitudes, the gender differences in hearing being therefore significantly smoothed. The presbyacusis has been found thus to start later in females than in males while was proved to progress then rapidly in females vs. males, leading to the equalization of hearing properties. The significance of early detection of aging processes in auditory system and of early start of preventive procedures has been emphasized.

 

 

 

TSIKLAURI M., KATSITADZE G.

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF REFUGEE CHILDREN (AGE 6-15 YEARS) FROM ABKHAZIA

Chair of Pediatry, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.15-17.

 

We have studied physical development of 200 refugee children from Abkhazia (age 6-15 years). In the physical development study we used the method generalization. The assessment of physical development was made on the basis of the physical development it self and as of percentile tables. We found that disharmonical development decreased by 9% as compared to 1998.

 

 

 

JIBUTI M., TSULUKIDZE M.

SOME INDICATORS OF THE IMMUNE STATUS IN CHILDREN (AGED 4-12), OFTEN SUFFERING FROM DISEASES IN THE PERIOD OF REMISSION

Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.18-21.

 

¹20 Tbilisi Children’s Polyclinic, Georgia

Tbilisi Scientific-research Pediatric Institute, Georgia

 

The goal of the research was to study indicators of the immune status in the period of remission in two groups of children, who often suffer from diseases (OSC): a) 8 preschool children aged 4-6; b) 20 beginners aged 7-12.

The number of T and B lymphocytes and T subpopulations  (Judge et al., 1972), immune glumelins  1 g G, A, M (Mancini, 1965), phagocytes indicators (Kocm E.A, Cmenko M.U., 1975) was studied. After performing the first one in 1-2 years time the second test was performed to 8 patients from group ‘a‘. In both groups considerable changes (P<0,000, P<0,01, P<0, 09) were received: in group ‘a‘ indicators of phagocytes and immune regulation index reduced, while I g M increased. During the first test the number of B lymphocytes  reduced, during the second test the number of IgA reduced. In group ‘b‘ the indicators of phagocytes reduced. Only during the first test T-active, immune regulation index and B lymphoeytes reduced.

 

 

REVISHVILI N., KORDZAIA M., GACHECHILADZE L., CHICHINADZE N.

EFFECT OF VIAGRA ON BLOOD STREAM INTENSITY AND TESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATION IN THE GLANDULA SEMINALIS DURING THE STRESS

Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.22-24.

 

A.Natishvili institute of experimental morphology Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Intensity of local blood circulation in the glandula seminalis and concentration of testosterone in blood was studied in adult male rats during acute immobilization stress by the method of hydrogen clearens and radioimmunal analysis. It’s determined that acute stress causes fall of local blood circulation activity in the glandula seminal by 50%, and the concentration of testosterone in blood is correspondlingly decreased.

 

JANDIERI L., KIKALISHVILI L., KIPIANI E.

ABOUT  THE TOPOGRAPHY OF HEPATIC BRANCHES OF THE VAGUS NERVE

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.25-26.

 

TSMU, Department of Topographic Anatomy, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

For anatomic examination of hepatic branches of the vagus nerve there  were used organ complexes of upper abdominal level from 50 human corpses.

The study of the vagus nerve topography revealed that from the anterior left branches of n.vagus all the rami participated in formation hepatic branches  in 50% of cases, but from the posterior ones - about 15% only.

Our results give the opportunity of treat post-operative biliary hypertension in by cutting vagal hepatic branches, and to prove the real basis for technical performance of hepatic vagotomy.

 

KHAKHUTAISHVILI I., KAKAURIDZE N., JANGAVADZE M., NIKOLAISHVILI G., BITSKINASHVILI M.

THE ROLE OF ERYTHROCYTES STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETRES IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.27-30.

 

National Center of Therapy, Tbilisi, Georgia

A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS, Tbilisi

 

The aim of the study is to establish the role of erythrocytes structural and functional changes in development of acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: 80 patients were investigated: (age 65,7±12,1). They were divided into 4 three groups: : I group - patients with stable angina I-II functional class, II group - with stable angina III-IV functional class, III group - with unstable angina, and the control group (IV) (practically healthy persons). We studied: malondialdehyde (MDA) and phospholipids in erythrocytes membranes, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).  Erythrocytes morphology by light and electron microscopy and osmostability. .

Results: The rate of MDA was elevated in IHD group in comparison with the control group. Also there was a significant increase in MDA level within IHD groups. On the contrary the rate of phospholipids was decreased. These biochemical events reflected in morphological changes. We found significant increasing of the degenerative erythrocytes forms. In III group there was only 68.1% of normocytes. Also we found that erythrocytes osmostability was decreased by IHD stages.

Conclusion: Oxidative damage of erythrocytes membranes is important event in atherogenesis, oxidatively modified lipid leads not only to cell formation, but they also damage erythrocytes respiratory function, and that’s the cause of hypoxia and IHD progress. This hypothesis is supported by the data obtained in our investigation. Increasing of MDA and decreasing of phospholipids lead to the morphological and functional degradation of  erythrocytes.

 

 

GLONTI L., MGALOBLISHVILI M., MANJGALADZE TS.

ISOLATED HEREDITARY SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.30-33.

 

Central Clinic of TSMU Chair Department of Neurology, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

27 members from one big family were studied clinically. Two persons were diseased with isolated hereditary paraplegia.The type of heredity - autosomal-dominant. Phenomenon of anticipation was expressed in rapidly developed spasticity of disease and early invalidation.

 

 

ARABULI M., KHECURIANI R., DALAKISHVILI S., EKALADZE E., KIPHIANI T., KUCHAIDZE N., KIRVALIDZE I.

AGE - RELATED CHANGES OF K+ AND NA+ IONS IN ERYTHROCYTES

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.34-36.

 

Tbilisi State Medical University;

A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Objective of the research was to study age-related changes in K+ and Na+ ions of erythrocytes. Studies have been done on three age groups: newborns (umbilical cord blood), adults (22-30 years old) and elderly (75-89 years old). Base on the results, we can assume that content of K+  is less in the erythrocytes of newborns than among elderly people. This causes hydration, an increase in size and hemolysis of erythrocytes that is revealed by existence of Methemoglobin.  Among the elderly, the content of K+  in erythrocytes increases and signifies their high-resourcefulness.  The content of Na+ ions remains unchanged among newborns, while increase among the elderly in comparison with adults. This is caused by the inhibition of Na+ pump as a result of the accumulation of axess inter-cell Calcium ions.

 

 

 

KIPSHIDZE N., NIKOLAISVILI G., KAKAURIDZE N., KHAKHUTAISHVILI I., BITSKINASHVILI M.

CHD PATIENTS WITH CP INFECTION AND INCREASED INDICATORS OF ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS ARE THE POPULATION UNDER THE HIGH RISK OF POSSIBLE EXACERBATION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.36-39.

National Center of Therapy, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Several epidemiological and clinical studies showed a positive correlation existing between chronic Chlamydia Pneumonia (CP) infection and coronary hearth disease. The aim of this work is to study  the relation between atherosclerosis risk factores (lipid exchange, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein) and CP in  patients with CHD as well as in patients without it, analyze the potential role of CP in the pathology of atherosclerosis.   Materials and Methods: We selected 38 patients with CHD (proven by means of myocardial infarction documented in hospital and by ECG and veloergometere tests): 22 patients with CHD and CP infection were compared with 16 patients of the control group (CG) without CP infection. Blood samples were collected for  each person after  12 - hour fasting.Non-hemolised serum underwent   the following tests: Total Cholesterol (TC), Tryglicerides (TG), High Density Lipoproteins Cholesterol (HDL-C). Fibrinogen in plasma was checked by Rutbergh  method CRP by immunferment analysis Anti CP IgG by ELISA method.

 Statistical Analysis - Continuous variables are presented as mean (M) + standard deviation (SD). Student’s T test for data was used to compare values within subject groups; Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. Correlation (r) was tested by Pearson  correlation.

The presented data shows the significant links between the structural and functional changes in the lipid range, indicators of acute phase proteins in case of atherosclerosis and with the presence of CP infection. Therefore, we think that CP infection is a predisposing factor for atherogenesis, and in case of atherosclerosis - an aggressive factor, that may induce destabilization and exacerbation of atherosclerotic plaque.

Thus, CP patients with hyperlipidemia make up high risk group for prevention of atherosclerosis.

 

 

 

BEJANIDZE Z.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PSYCHOEMOTIONAL SPHERE OF PATIENTS WITH VITILIGO

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.39-41.

 

Tbilisi Research Institute of Dermatology and Venerology, Georgia

 

The goal of the research was to evaluate quality of life of the patients diagnosed with vitiligo. 52 patients participated in the research: I group – 26 persons diagnosed with vitiligo and II group – 26 persons without any skin pathology. Quality of life assessment was held by the Dovjansky system. The research revealed a great difference between the quality of life in the group of patients with vitiligo and in the control one. Quality of life index is considerably lowered in the vitiligo patients. The results were assessed according to the marking scale  of 0-5. 0  – favorable index, 5 scores – unfavorable index. The use of scoring allows revealing changes in the psychic sphere of the vitiligo patients. In spite of permanent investigations vitiligo still remains one of the actual problems in dermatology. The necessity occurred to  keep such patients under surveillance  along with compulsory psychotherapist consultation.

 

KIPSHIDZE N., GAMEZARDASHVILI T., TALAKVADZE T.

FEATURES OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.41-45.

 

National Center of Therapy, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

The study involved 55 patients (aged 42-79 years) with metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 41 patients had chronic heart failure (CHF) of NYHA class I-IV. Anthropometric data, carbohydrate metabolism (FG, FI, HsA1c), biochemical parameters: creatinine (CREA), albumin (ALB), ferritine (FER), hemoglobin (HB) were studied; left ventricular structure and diastolic function were assessed by EchCG, LVmassIND and LVaveT were calculated. Patients were divided into 2 group: I – complete MC (25 cases), II –incomplete MC (16 cases) and  III - control group (10 cases with CHF of NYHA class I-II).

The biochemical and EchCG parameters were changed in both I-II groups, but these disorders were significant in I gr as compeared to III gr. (CREA - 128,9±39,9 v.s. 73,5±10,2, p<0.05; CREA-clearance 68.3±4.6 v.s102±7.2, p<0.001; LVaveT - 0.54±0.06 v.s 0.38±0.03, p<0.05; LVmassIND -156.3±5.1 v.s 106.8±10.6, p<0.05; E/A - 1.2±0.21 vs 1.38±0.13, p<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between  parameters of renal function and   mass of left ventricular myocardium.

This means that complete MS with CHF is associated with progression of nephropathy and left ventricular hypertrophy  and diastolic dysfunction.

 

TURAVA N.,  TSAGARELI Z., GOGIASHVILI L., DZADZAMIA D.

MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FETOPLACENTAL COMPLEX  DURING UROGENITAL CHLAMIDIOSIS AND CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) INFECTION    

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.45-47.

                   A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology of Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia

N5 Materniti house of Tbilisi, Georgia

 

In all samples of human placentas affected by cytomegalovirus infection obtained from full-term pregnancies, the picture of focal  productive inflammation is evident in both maternal and fetal components of the placenta, being expressed in syncytiotrophoblast, amniocytes, and vascular endothelium. The process is characterized by the presence of huge mononuclear cells in the basal membrane; the hyperchromic nucleus, surrounded with light circle, so-called ‘’owl’s eye’’ and basophilic inclusions.                                                                                                      

Structural changes in placenta during chlamidiosis are of nonspecific character. Microscopic examination has revealed the signs of impaired blood circulation: In particular, hemorrhages on chorionic and basal membranes as well as on chorionic and basal layers [strata] and in intervillous space. Infarctions, thromboses and stasis were stated in villi of the medium and big diameter. Some of the villi were covered with fibrinoid, infarction loci and necrotic areas were marked on the periphery of the basal and chorionic membranes.

Alterations of inflammatory character on chorionic and basal plates and in the stroma of medium and big villi were manifested by local infiltration – lymphocytes, plasmatic cells and small number of neutrophils and macrophages.

 

GOISHVILI N., KAKAURIDZE N.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE PLATELETS DURING  ATHEROSCLEROSIS

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.48-52.

 

National Center of Therapy, Tbilisi, Georgia;

A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology of the Georgian AS Tbilisi, Georgia

 

We studied structural and functional features of the platelets in 72 patients with atherosclerosis. Products (thromboxan A2, TGF, factor-4), released from the platelets activated by atherogenic lipids, peroxidation stress and hyperfibrinogenemia cause the platelet and other cell aggregation.

Lowering of the free NO rate in the  patients blood cause remodeling of the vessel wall and activation of the vasoconstrictor amines.

 

 

 

GAMKRELIDZE N., KAMKAMIDZE G., BARABADZE K., BUTSASHVILI M., AKHVLEDIANI I.

HUMAN  HERPESVIRUS-6 INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH FEBRILE SEIZURES

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.52-54.

 

Research Institute of  Pediatrics, Rehabilitation Center of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Human  herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in one of the recently discovered herpesviruses. Primary HHV-6  infection is the causative agent of roseola infantum and is frequently associated with  nonspecificfebrile illness in children under the age of 3 years. The goal of our study was the investigation of HHV-6  infection in children with febrile seizures. 22 children (6-24 months of age) with febrile seizures (study group) and 15 healthy children were enrolled in the study. Anti-HHV-6  lgG and lgM antibodies and HHV-6 DNA were detected in these groups. Primary HHV-6  infection has been found in 6 out of 22 patients from the study group vs. none in the control group. Primary HHV-6  infection is associated with febrile seizures in early childhood.

 

NASRASHVILI M., KHIZANISHVILI M., NASRASHVILI M., ESAIASHVILI M., MCHEDLISHVILI T., CHKHIKVISHVILI I.

INFLUENCE OF GREEN TEA CATECHINES ON THE ENERGETICS OF JURKATE CELLS MITOCHONDRIA

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.54-57.

 

Institute of Medical Biotechnology of Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia

Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

The aim of the study was to determine some mechanisms of NO–induced apoptosis in human leukemia-transformed Jurkat cells and the possibility of its correction.

Apoptosis was modulated by incubation of Jurkat cell with Natrium Nitropruside during 24 hours. For investigation of antiapoptotic activity, green tea catechines were added in the incubation area. The magnitude of mitochondria membrane potential ΔψM  and concentration of Ca2+  ions was determined.

It was shown that green tea catechines promote normalization of NO-induced alterations of Ca2+ concentration and magnitude of mitochondria membrane potential ΔψM in Jurkat cells. The catechines activity may be caused by their correcting activity on the intensity of NO-induced oxidative stress, that stimulates antioapoptotic activity of these species.

 

 

 

KADJAIA D., MERABISHVILI N., BURKADZE G.

COMPLICATIONS OF BIRTH AND POSTPARTUM PERIOD IN C. TRACHOMATIS-POSITIVE

PREGNANT WOMEN AND DETECTION OF CHLAMYDIAL ANTIGEN IN PLACENTAL TISSUE

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.57-60.

 

Tbilisi Obstetrics Clinic ¹2, Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

 

The aim of the present study was to examine complications of birth and postpartum period in chlamydia trachomatis-positive pregnant women and detection of C. trachomatis in placental tissues. A total of 106 pregnant women (first to second trimesters; age range: 15-30 years) with chlamydia trachomatis-infection (confirmed by ELISA and immunofluorescence of cervical smears) were recruited in a study. The patients were treated using standard schemes, and complications of delivery and postpartum period were studied. Our study suggests that after preterm birth non-specific histological changes in placental tissue include syncytial knots, proliferation of syncytiotrophoblast, smàll thrombi in intervillous spaces, small foci of necrosis, without inflammatory infiltration in chorionic villi, intervillous spaces, decidua or fetal membranes. Immunofluorescent examination on placenta has showed positivity for chlamydial antigen in 18,2% of patients who showed association of chlamydiosis with trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis, also chlamydial monoinfection. Patients with C. trachomatis-positive placentas were characterized by premature rupture of membrane, postpartum endometritis and salpingitis, premature newborn, neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia, otitis media and chronic obstructive disease of the lung. The association with sudden death syndrome in newborns was not confirmed (p>0.05).

 

 

MAKARADZE J., TSISKARIDZE A., JANELIDZE M., SHAKARISHVILI R.

INCIDENCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF PRIMARY CEREBRAL STROKE IN THE BATUMI POPULATION

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.61-65.

 

Sarajishvili Institute of Neurology, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

The aim of the research is to study by the prospective clinical-epidemiological method the course of primary stroke, 1 month case fatality and functional disability it causes among the population of Batumi.

Method – There were registered all the acute stroke cases that took place in Batumi  since september 1 1998 to January 1 2000.  The information was being collected from all the town hospitals, ambulance station, polyclinics, also from death certificates kept in municipal Archive.

Results – the average annual incidence of primary stroke per 100000000 of the Batumi population comes to 144 for all the types of stroke. The index of case fatality caused in a month by stroke is 4240. High functional disability 3 month after the stroke was noted in 13% of those who had undergone stroke.

Consideration – The stroke incidence in the Batumi population during the research was found to be lower than similar population investigations showed in Europe and America. A month lethality and functional disability is higher than in other populations.

 

KORSANTIA B., KOUPRADZE S., MALATSIDZE V.

INFLUENCE OF ZEOLITE ON ANTIVIRAL IMMUNE INDICES OF WHITE MICE

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.66-68.

 

Institute of Medical Biotechnology of Georgian Academy of Sciences,

Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Influence of 5%-zeolite “diet” on the immune system of white mice with the influenza intoxication was studied. Based on the example of phagocytosis and system of interferon it was explained that zeolite possesses the expressed immunomodulating action in intact animals. The protective effect of zeolites was expressed in reliable reduction in the lethality of the infected mice, strengthening of the activity of phagocytosis in blood neutrophils and Kupffer cells of the liver, and also in an increase in the synthesis of interferon in the leukocytes. To the possible mechanisms of the immunomodulating and antitoxic action of zeolite “diet” can be attributed the activation of lymphoid follicles of small intestine, with the subsequent increase in the immunocompetence of organism.

 

PAPUASHVILI G., NINUA N., SHALAMBERIDZE P.

TEMOZOLOMIDE A PRIORITET ROLE IN THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MALIGNANT TUMORS

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.68-71.

 

A.Gvamichava National Center of Cancer, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

Treatment results of the patients with central nervous system primary tumors are unsatisfactory. Nytrosomethylureal and vincaalkaloid preparations are rather ineffective in such cases. In recent years clinicians paid great attention to a new-generation chemotherapy drug, temozolomide (Temodale – TMZ). Temodale is used for the treatment of primary malignant tumors of central nervous system, as well as for brain metastatic tumors and melanoma. In the National Cancer Center from 1996 to 2005 140 patients with central nervous system primary tumors were selected and randomized into 2 groups. In these patients complex therapy using standard schemes of chemotherapy and complex treatment with Temozolomide was conducted.

88 patients entered to the control group. 52 patients of the prospective group received Temozolomide. Thus, clinical analysis is based on the treatment results of 140 patients.

Data obtained have shown that survival rate of the prospective group patients receiving temozolomide is 2,23 times better in comparison to that of the control group patients.

On the basis of the detailed analysis of both retrospective and prospective materials it has been shown that histologic type of the tumor is of great importance for the remote treatment results.

Of all malignant tumors of central nervous system Temodale is more effective in the treatment of astrocytomas in comparison with the tumors of other histological types.

The use of Temozolomide in complex treatment of the patients with malignant tumors of central nervous system in marked effect. Median survival of the patients is 22,35 months.

 

KHARABADZE K., KOBESHAVIDZE D.

GESTATIONAL AND PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS OF HYPOTHYREOSIS

 Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2006, 1, pp.72-73.

 

Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia

 

It is established, that absence of substitutional hormonal therapy causes increase of various complications: threatened abortions, hestosis, preterm labours, khronic placental insufficiency, fetal development retardation. It’s important: a) perioconceptual hormonal preparation of women, with hormonal imbalance; b) detection and correction of hypothyresis in early stages of pregnancy in order to provide normal formation and development of fetus.